Run your program with python -m cProfile -o profile.cprofile my-script.py

Install snakeviz (uv pip install snakeviz) to visualize the generated profile.

snakeviz profile.cprofile

Alternative approach

Install pyprof2calltree to convert the cprofile to a kcachegrind compatible profile.

pyprof2calltree -i profile.cprofile -o callgrind.profile.cprofile

References

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• https://benbernardblog.com/tracking-down-a-freaky-python-memory-leak/
• https://tech.buzzfeed.com/finding-and-fixing-memory-leaks-in-python-413ce4266e7d
• https://varblog.org/blog/2018/05/24/profiling-and-optimizing-machine-learning-model-training-with-pytorch/